The global shipping system is currently experiencing a unique and unexpected crisis. A series of unusual events triggered by the coronavirus pandemic led to a serious container shortage crisis. This situation can be classified as global, because the shortage of containers will have a knock-on effect on all supply chains and fundamentally disrupt international trade. During the recovery phase of trade, the shortage of containers had a huge impact on freight rates. According to market participants, in February this year, the transportation cost of each container has increased from US$1,500 to US$6,000-9 ...